Section 11.1 Climate Classification
Climate is defined for a particular location:
Globe, continent, region, city
Regional and global-scale climates
and over a specified time interval:
30 year average is normal
100 years or longer for history of climate
As for weather, climate consideres the averages and extremes of parameters that define the current state of the atmosphere:
temperature
precipitation
pressure
winds
determined by
latitude-dependent solar insolation
elevation and topography
proximity to large bodies of water
prevailing atmospheric circulation patterns